Relaxation in dipolar spin ladders

From pair production to false-vacuum decay

authored by: Gustavo A. Domínguez-Castro, Thomas Bilitewski, David Wellnitz, Ana Maria Rey, Luis Santos
Abstract: Ultracold dipolar particles pinned in optical lattices or tweezers provide an excellent platform for the study of the intriguing equilibration dynamics of spin models with dipolar exchange. Starting with an initial state in which spins of opposite orientation are prepared in each of the legs of a ladder lattice, we show that spin relaxation displays an unexpected dependence on interleg distance and dipole orientation. This dependence, stemming from the interplay between intra- and interleg interactions, results in three distinct relaxation regimes: (i) ergodic, characterized by the fast relaxation towards equilibrium of correlated pairs of excitations generated at exponentially fast rates from the initial state; (ii) metastable, in which the state is quasilocalized in the initial state and only decays in exceedingly long timescales, resembling false-vacuum decay; and, surprisingly, (iii) partially relaxed, with coexisting fast partial relaxation and partial quasilocalization. The realization of this intriguing dynamics is at hand in current state-of-the-art experiments in dipolar gases.
Organisation(s): Institute of Theoretical Physics
External Organisation(s): Oklahoma State University
JILA
University of Colorado Boulder
Type: Letter
Journal: Physical Review A
Volume: 110
No. of pages: 6
ISSN: 2469-9926
Publication date: 15.08.2024
Publication status: Published
Peer reviewed: Yes
ASJC Scopus subject areas: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Electronic version(s): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2311.18091 (Access: Open)
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.110.L021302 (Access: Closed)

BibTeX

@article{5d599d1eb6b94d9ba71ce3c08a355898,
title = "Relaxation in dipolar spin ladders: From pair production to false-vacuum decay",
abstract = "Ultracold dipolar particles pinned in optical lattices or tweezers provide an excellent platform for the study of the intriguing equilibration dynamics of spin models with dipolar exchange. Starting with an initial state in which spins of opposite orientation are prepared in each of the legs of a ladder lattice, we show that spin relaxation displays an unexpected dependence on interleg distance and dipole orientation. This dependence, stemming from the interplay between intra- and interleg interactions, results in three distinct relaxation regimes: (i) ergodic, characterized by the fast relaxation towards equilibrium of correlated pairs of excitations generated at exponentially fast rates from the initial state; (ii) metastable, in which the state is quasilocalized in the initial state and only decays in exceedingly long timescales, resembling false-vacuum decay; and, surprisingly, (iii) partially relaxed, with coexisting fast partial relaxation and partial quasilocalization. The realization of this intriguing dynamics is at hand in current state-of-the-art experiments in dipolar gases.",
author = "Dom{\'i}nguez-Castro, {Gustavo A.} and Thomas Bilitewski and David Wellnitz and Rey, {Ana Maria} and Luis Santos",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 American Physical Society.",
year = "2024",
month = aug,
day = "15",
doi = "10.48550/arXiv.2311.18091",
language = "English",
volume = "110",
journal = "Physical Review A",
issn = "2469-9926",
publisher = "American Physical Society",
number = "2",
}